US-Israeli strikes hit Tehran, Isfahan, Qom, and Karaj under Operation Epic Fury.
Iran, a nation of approximately 88 million people, is under sustained military assault by US and Israeli forces as part of Operation Epic Fury. Strikes have targeted key military installations including IRGC command headquarters in Tehran, the Khatam al-Anbiya air defense network, ballistic missile production facilities in Karaj, and sites associated with Iran's nuclear enrichment program in Isfahan and Qom. Iran's air defense systems, including the Russian-supplied S-300 and domestically produced Bavar-373, have been engaged but appear to have been degraded by the initial waves of strikes.
Iran maintains one of the largest militaries in the Middle East with an estimated 610,000 active-duty personnel and 350,000 reserves across the regular army (Artesh) and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The IRGC operates Iran's ballistic missile arsenal, which includes medium-range Shahab-3 and Emad missiles capable of reaching Israel, as well as shorter-range Fateh and Zolfaghar missiles deployed against Gulf targets. Iran has already fired multiple salvos at US bases in Bahrain, Qatar, and the UAE.
Iran's nuclear program has been a central point of tension. Before the strikes, Iran was enriching uranium to 60% purity at its Fordow and Natanz facilities, with enough material for several nuclear weapons if enriched further. The IAEA had reported reduced access to monitoring equipment in recent months. The strikes on nuclear-adjacent sites have raised international alarm about potential radiological contamination, with the IAEA dispatching emergency inspection teams.
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US and Israeli forces struck targets in Tehran, Isfahan, Qom, and Karaj. Tehran saw strikes on IRGC command centers and air defense sites. Isfahan was targeted due to its uranium conversion facility and military airbase. Qom and Karaj were struck for their connections to Iran's nuclear enrichment and centrifuge production programs.
Iran launched retaliatory ballistic missile strikes against Israel and US military bases across the Gulf region, including targets in the UAE, Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, and Jordan. Iran's IRGC has also activated proxy forces in Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, and Yemen. Iran's navy has moved assets toward the Strait of Hormuz, raising concerns about a potential blockade of the critical oil shipping lane.
Tehran is currently under active military strikes and is not safe for civilians or travelers. Residents are sheltering in place. All commercial flights into and out of Tehran's Imam Khomeini International Airport and Mehrabad Airport have been suspended. Multiple embassies have issued shelter-in-place advisories and are preparing for possible evacuations.
Reports indicate strikes near Iran's nuclear facilities in Isfahan and Karaj. The IAEA has expressed serious concern about potential radiological consequences and is attempting to verify the status of nuclear material at these sites. Iran has accused the US and Israel of deliberately targeting its civilian nuclear program.